Confianza de los padres en las vacunas desde la pandemia de COVID-19: metasíntesis cualitativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15343/0104-7809.202549e17512025PPalabras clave:
Inmunización, Vacilación Vacunal, Niño, Infección por SARS-CoV-2Resumen
La vacilación de los padres frente a las vacunas está asociada con múltiples factores, como los históricos, culturales y socioeconómicos, y con nuevas perspectivas relacionadas con la confianza en las vacunas desde la pandemia de COVID-19. El estudio tiene como objetivo comprender las percepciones sobre el fenómeno de la vacunación entre los padres y la influencia del período de la pandemia de COVID-19. Se realizó una revisión sistemática cualitativa y una metasíntesis de los resultados. Las búsquedas se llevaron a cabo en las bases de datos Medline, Scopus, PubMed, Scielo y Lilacs. Para evaluar la calidad metodológica se utilizó el Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión, 9 estudios compusieron la metasíntesis. La síntesis temática siguió la propuesta de Thomas y Harden. Los rumores y riesgos sobre la eficacia, la falta de confianza en el gobierno y la ausencia de percepción de gravedad se relacionaron con la falta de confianza. La confianza y aceptación se asociaron con la protección, el retorno a la rutina, la severidad, el riesgo de infección, la preocupación por las comorbilidades y las experiencias previas. Los medios de comunicación, el gobierno, los líderes, el círculo social, las organizaciones de salud y los profesionales sanitarios fueron considerados como influentes en relación con la vacunación. Son necesarias estrategias para acercar a la población a la realidad científica y promover la confianza de los ciudadanos en las vacunas.
Descargas
Traducciones de este artículo.
Citas
Dong E, Du H, Gardner L. An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time. Lancet Infect Dis [Internet] 2020 Jun 12; [cited 2024 Jun 20]; 20(5):533–534. Available from: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30120-1/fulltext
Fiolet T, Kherabi Y, MacDonald CJ, Ghosn J, Peiffer-Smadja N. Comparing COVID-19 vaccines for their characteristics, efficacy and effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern: a narrative review. Clin Microbiol Infect [Internet] 2022 Feb; [cited 2024 Jun 20]; 28(2):202–221. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2021.10.005
Larson HJ, Jarrett C, Eckersberger E, Smith DMD, Paterson P. Understanding vaccine hesitancy around vaccines and vaccination from a global perspective: A systematic review of published literature, 2007–2012. Vaccine [Internet] 2014 Apr 17; [cited 2024 Jun 21]; 32(19):2150–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.081
Gerussi V, Peghin M, Palese A, De Martino M, Graziano E, Chiappinotto S, et al. SARS-CoV-2 and influenza vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic in a dynamic perspective. Hum Vaccin Immunother [Internet] 2024 Jun 2; [cited 2024 Jun 21]; 20(1):2358565. Available from: https://doi.org /10.1080/21645515.2024.2358565
Souto EP, Fernandez MV, Rosário CA, Petra PC, Matta GC. Hesitação vacinal infantil e COVID-19: uma análise a partir da percepção dos profissionais de saúde. Cad. Saúde Pública [Internet] 11 de Mar de 2024; [acessado em 21 de Jun de 2024]; 40(3):e00061523. Disponível em: https://doi. org/10.1590/0102-311XPT061523
Zhang P, Wei M, Jing P, Li Z, Li J, Zhu F. COVID-19 in children: epidemic issues and candidate vaccines. Chin Med J [Internet] 2022 Jun 5; [cited 2024 Jun 21];135(11):1314-1324. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/cm9.0000000000002169
Girard IM, Ward P, Durey A, Lund S, Calache H, Baker SR, et al. Primary caregivers’ perceptions of factors influencing preschool children’s oral health: social practices perspective—a protocol for qualitative metasynthesis. BMJ Open [Internet] 2023 Apr 11; [cited 2024 Jun 21];13(4):e068444. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068444
Tong A, Flemming K, McInnes E, Oliver S, Craig J. Enhancing transparency in reporting the synthesis of qualitative research: ENTREQ. BMC Med Res Methodol [Internet] 2012 Nov 27; [cited 2024 Jun 21]; 12:181. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-12-181
Thomas J, Harden A. Methods for the thematic synthesis of qualitative research in systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol [Internet] 2008 Jul 10; [cited 2024 Jun 21]; 8:45. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-8-45
CASP - Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. [website]. CASP Qualitative Studies Checklist. [cited 2024 Jul 03]. Available from: https://casp-uk.net
Pelletier C, Gagnon D, Dubé E. “It’s not that I don’t trust vaccines, I just don’t think I need them”: Perspectives on COVID-19 vaccination. PLoS One [Internet] 2024 Feb 15; [cited 2024 Jul 03];19:e0293643–e0293643. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293643
Teixeira EP, Lynn FA, Souza MDLD. Guia para revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais. Texto Contexto Enferm [Internet] 13 de Mai 2024; [acessado em 03 de Jul de 2024]; 33:e20230221. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-265X-TCE-2023-0221pt
PRISMA 2020 flow diagram. [website]. PRISMA statement. [cited 2024 Jul 03]. Available from: https://www.prisma-statement.org/prisma-2020-flow-diagram
Rajeh MT, Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, Mosli HH, Mosli MH. Are parents’ willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19? A qualitative study based on the Health Belief Model. Hum Vaccin Immunother [Internet] 2023 Feb 8; [cited 2024 Jul 03];19:2177068. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/216455 15.2023.2177068
Kohler RE, Wagner RB, Careaga K, Vega J, Btoush R, Greene K, et al. Parents’ Intentions, Concerns and Information Needs about COVID-19 Vaccination in New Jersey: A Qualitative Analysis. Vaccines [Internet] 2023 Jun 13; [cited 2024 Jul 03];11(6):1096. Available from: https://www.mdpi. com/2076-393X/11/6/1096
Çelik T, Doğan D. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy of Parents of Children with Type 1 Diabetes in Türkiye: A Mixed-Methods Study. J Pediatr Inf [Internet] 2023 [cited 2024 Jul 03];17(2):e108-e115. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5578/ced.20239805
Shen AK, Browne S, Srivastava T, Michel JJ, Tan ASL, Kornides ML. Factors Influencing Parental and Individual COVID-19 Vaccine Decision Making in a Pediatric Network. Vaccines [Internet] 2022 Aug 8; [cited 2024 Jul 03];10(8):1277. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081277
Moore R, Purvis RS, Willis DE, Li J, Langner J, Gurel-Headley M, et al. “Every Time It Comes Time for Another Shot, It’s a Re-Evaluation”: A Qualitative Study of Intent to Receive COVID-19 Boosters among Parents Who Were Hesitant Adopters of the COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines [Internet] 2024 Feb 7; [cited 2024 Jul 03];12(2):171. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12020171
Honcoop A, Roberts JR, Davis B, Pope C, Dawley E, McCulloh RJ, et al. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents: A Qualitative Study. Pediatrics [Internet] 2023 Oct 23;[cited 2024 Jul 03];152(5):e2023062466. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-062466
Goulding M, Ryan GW, Minkah P, Borg A, Gonzalez M, Medina N, et al. Parental perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine for 5- to 11-year-old children: Focus group findings from Worcester. Hum Vaccin Immunother [Internet] 2022 Sep 09; [cited 2024 Jul 03];18(6):2120721. Available from: https://doi. org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2120721
Schiff J, Schmidt AR, Pham PK, Pérez JB, Pannaraj PS, Chaudhari PP, et al. Parental attitudes in the pediatric emergency department about the COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccine [Internet] 2022 Out 26; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 40(7328–7334). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.046
Fisher CB, Bragard E, Jaber R, Gray A. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Parents of Children under Five Years in the United States. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet] 2022 Ago 14; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 10(8): 1313. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10081313
Mitteregger E, Wehrli M, Theiler M, Logoteta J, Nast I, Seliner B, et al. Parental experience of the neuromotor development of children with congenital heart disease: an exploratory qualitative study. BMC Pediatr [Internet] 2021 Out 01; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 21(1):430. Available from: https://bmcpediatr. biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-021-02808-8
Williams SN, Armitage CJ, Dienes K, Drury J, Tampe T. Public decisions about COVID-19 vaccines: A UK-based qualitative study. PLoS ONE [Internet] 2023 Mar 06; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 18(3):e0277360. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277360
Vázquez E, Juturu P, Burroughs M, McMullin J, Cheney AM. Continuum of Trauma: Fear and Mistrust of Institutions in Communities of Color During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cult Med Psychiatry [Internet] 2023 Set 30; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 48(2):290–309. Available from: https://link.springer.com/ article/10.1007/s11013-023-09835-3
Chang J, Kochel R. Vaccine Hesitancy and Attributions for Autism among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Groups of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study. Autism Res [Internet] 2020 Jul 24; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 13(10):1790–1796. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/ aur.2339
Jennings W, Stoker G, Bunting H, Valgarðsson VO, Gaskell J, Devine D, et al. Lack of Trust,Conspiracy Beliefs, and Social Media Use Predict COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet] 2021Jun 03; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 9(6):593. Available from: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8226842/
Upenieks L, Ford-Robertson J, Robertson JE. Trust in God and/or Science? Sociodemographic Differences in the Effects of Beliefs in an Engaged God and Mistrust of the COVID-19 Vaccine. J Relig Health [Internet] 2021 Nov 29; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 61(1):657–686. Available from: https://link.springer. com/article/10.1007/s10943-021-01466-5
Saeed R, Hashmi I. Pakistan Ranks Third Globally With the Most Unvaccinated Children: Is the Impact of Parental Perception and Attitude on Immunization an Essential Contributing Factor to an Unsuccessful Vaccination Coverage? Cureus [Internet] 2021 Nov 19; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 13(11):e19751. Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/24393-pakistan-ranks-third-globally-with-the-most-unvaccinated-children-is-the-impact-of-parental-perception-and-attitude-on-immunization-an-essential-contributing-factor-to-an-unsuccessful-vaccination-coverage#!/
Liao Q, Yuan J, Wong IOL, Ni MY, Cowling BJ, Lam WWT. Motivators and Demotivators for COVID-19 Vaccination Based on Co-Occurrence Networks of Verbal Reasons for Vaccination Acceptance and Resistance: Repetitive Cross-Sectional Surveys and Network Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill [Internet] 2024 Abr 22; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 10:e50958. Available from: https://publichealth.jmir.org/2024/1/e50958
Ige O, Sakas Z, Kang M, Green C, Brown D. Vaccine Confidence in NYC: Thematic Analysis of Community Stories. J Health Commun [Internet] 2023 Jun 30; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 28(45–53). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2023.2191226
Muğaloğlu EZ, Kaymaz Z, Mısır ME, Laçin-Şimşek C. Exploring the Role of Trust in Scientists to Explain Health-Related Behaviors in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Sci Educ (Dordr) [Internet] 2022 Fev 05; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 31(1281-1309). Available from: https://link.springer.com/ article/10.1007/s11191-022-00323-5
Purvis RS, Moore R, Willis DE, Kraleti SS, Gurel-Headley MP, CarlLee S, et al. Key Conversations and Trusted Information Among Hesitant Adopters of the COVID-19 Vaccine. J Health Commun [Internet] 2023 Ago 20; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 28(09):595–604. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/108 10730.2023.2244458
Mathews CJ, McGuire L, Joy A, Law F, Winterbottom M, Rutland A, et al. Assessing adolescents’ critical health literacy: How is trust in government leadership associated with knowledge of COVID-19? PLoS ONE [Internet] 2021 Nov 24; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 16(11):e0259523. Available from: https:// doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259523
Garg M, Nagrecha AA, Gupta R, Williams M. COVID-19 Vaccine Perspective From Adolescents’ Lens in the US. Cureus [Internet] 2024 Fev 04; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 16(2):e53566. Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/224677-covid-19-vaccine-perspective-from-adolescents-lens-in-the-us#!/
Wang Y, Chen Y. Characterizing discourses about COVID-19 vaccines on Twitter: a topic modeling and sentiment analysis approach. J Commun Healthc [Internet] 2023 Mar 24; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 16(1):103–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2022.2054196
Lasco G, Yu VG. Communicating COVID-19 vaccines: lessons from the dengue vaccine controversy in the Philippines. BMJ Glob Health [Internet] 2021 Mar 02; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 6(3):e005422. Available from: https://gh.bmj.com/content/6/3/e005422
Janssen M, Van DVH. Agile and adaptive governance in crisis response: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Inf Manage [Internet] 2020 Dez; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 55:102180. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102180
Bendezu-Quispe G, Benites-Meza JK, Urrunaga-Pastor D, Herrera-Añazco P, Uyen-Cateriano A, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, et al. Consumption of Herbal Supplements or Homeopathic Remedies to Prevent COVID-19 and Intention of Vaccination for COVID-19 in Latin America and the Caribbean. Trop Med Infect Dis [Internet] 2022 Jun 08; [cited 2024 Jul 03; 7(6):95. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7060095
Zieff G, Kerr ZY, Moore JB, Stoner L. Universal Healthcare in the United States of America: A Healthy Debate. Medicina (Kaunas) [Internet] 2020 Out 30; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 56(11):580. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56110580
Nuwarda R, Ramzan I, Weekes L, Kayser V. Vaccine Hesitancy: Contemporary Issues and Historical Background. Vaccines (Basel) [Internet] 2022 Set 22; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 10(10):1595. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101595
Choi Y, Fox, AM. Mistrust in public health institutions is a stronger predictor of vaccine hesitancy and uptake than Trust in Trump. Soc Sci Med [Internet] 2022 Dez; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 314:115440. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115440
Whitehead A, Perry S. How Culture Wars Delay Herd Immunity: Christian Nationalism and Anti-vaccine Attitudes. Socius [Internet] 2020 Dez 07; [cited 2024 Jul 03]; 6(1-12). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/2378023120977727
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 O Mundo da Saúde
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
