Niveles de estrés, hábitos alimentarios y peso corporal de adultos en Instituciones de Educación Superior
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15343/0104-7809.202549e17412025PPalabras clave:
Alimentos Ultraprocesados, Aislamiento Social, Ansiedad, Alteraciones del Peso CorporalResumen
Analizar la prevalencia de estrés percibido durante el período de aislamiento social impuesto por la pandemia de Covid-19, según características sociodemográficas, de consumo alimentario y otros comportamientos relacionados con la salud, en adultos trabajadores y estudiantes de Instituciones de Educación Superior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio transversal con 524 individuos, realizado en 2020. Los participantes respondieron un cuestionario en línea sobre estrés percibido (Perceived Stress Scale), además de la frecuencia semanal de consumo de alimentos saludables y no saludables. Se estimaron las razones de prevalencia (RP) ajustadas y los respectivos intervalos de confianza del 95%, mediante regresión de Poisson. El nivel más alto de estrés percibido alcanzó el 31,1% de la muestra, siendo aún mayor en los individuos con menor ingreso domiciliario (≤ 3 salarios mínimos, RP=2,14; IC95%: 1,22-3,73), en quienes consumían frituras (RP=1,80; IC95%: 1,15-2,82) y golosinas con frecuencia ≥ 2 días por semana (RP=1,69; IC95%: 1,11-2,56), en quienes relataron aumento en el consumo de alcohol (RP=1,76; IC95%: 1,15-2,68) y en quienes presentaron reducción del peso corporal (RP=2,62; IC95%: 1,25-5,51) durante la pandemia de Covid-19. Los hallazgos del estudio muestran que más de un tercio de los estudiantes y profesionales de la educación presentaron un alto nivel de estrés, asociado a un mayor consumo de alimentos de baja calidad nutricional, mayor uso de bebidas alcohólicas y pérdida de peso corporal durante el aislamiento por Covid-19.
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