Função cognitiva em Idosos Saudáveis: análise secundária de um estudo randomizado controlado comparando exercícios domiciliares com supervisão virtual versus por mensagens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15343/0104-7809.202347e14672022PPalabras clave:
Envelhecimento, Cognição, Exercício físico para idosos, Exercício supervisionadoResumen
O estudo objetivou comparar diferentes estratégias de supervisão durante 12 semanas de um programa de exercícios domiciliares sobre a função cognitiva de idosos saudáveis. Foi realizado um ensaio clínico, no qual participaram idosos comunitários de ambos os sexos, que foram divididos em dois grupos com diferentes estratégias de supervisão: supervisionado virtualmente por videoconferências durante todas as sessões de treino, ou supervisionado por mensagens de texto. A intervenção para ambos os grupos consistiu em um programa ofertado por meio de vídeos-aula, com frequência de três sessões semanais e duração de 12 semanas. Os desfechos foram avaliados remotamente por videoconferência. Para avaliar a cognição global foi utilizado o Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) e para o controle inibitório o Stroop test. Foi feita uma análise inferencial, com intenção de tratar, de modelos mistos por simetria composta, considerando intervalos de confiança (IC) a 95% e um nível de significância de 5%. Trinta e oito participantes foram randomizados e alocados em um dos grupos (81,6% mulheres, média de idade de 68,39 ± 6,48 anos, massa corporal média de 69,82 ± 12,15 kg, altura média de 1,59 ± 0,06 m, índice de massa corporal médio de 27,82 ± 4,88 kg/m²; e 94,7% com mais de 12 anos de estudo). Não houve diferenças estatisticamente entre os grupos (p>0,05) e não foram observados efeitos ao longo do tempo nas comparações intra-grupos (p>0,05). Concluiu-se que a supervisão utilizada neste estudo não promove ganhos cognitivos adicionais ao programa de exercícios domiciliares supervisionado por mensagens de texto em idosos saudáveis.
Descargas
Citas
Falck R et al. Impact of exercise training on physical and cognitive function among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol Aging. 2019;79:119–30.
Cole J et al. Brain age and other bodily ‘ages’: implications for neuropsychiatr. Mol Psychiatry. 2019;24(2):266–81.
Liu Y et al. New insights for cellular and molecular mechanisms of aging and aging-related diseases: herbal medicine as potential therapeutic approach. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019;2019.
Peel N et al. The association between gait speed and cognitive status in community-dwelling older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gerontol. 2019;74(6):943–8.
Öhman H et al. Effect of physical exercise on cognitive performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: A systematic review. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2014;38:347–65.
Busse A et al. Physical activity and cognition in the elderly: a review. Dement Neuropsychol. 2009;3:204–8.
Carvalho A et al. Physical activity and cognitive function in individuals over 60 years of age: a systematic review. Clin Interv Aging. 2014;9:661.
Seixas M, Ricardo D, Ramos P. Reabilitação Domiciliar com exercício não supervisionado na DPOC: Revisão Sistemática. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2016;22(4):320–5.
Lacroix A et al. Effects of supervised vs. unsupervised training programs on balance and muscle strength in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2017;47(11):2341–61.
Padala K et al. Home-based exercise program improves balance and fear of falling in community-dwelling older adults with mild Alzheimer’s disease: a pilot study. J Alzheimer Dis. 2017;59(2):565–74.
Blumenthal J et al. Lifestyle and neurocognition in older adults with cognitive impairments: a randomized trial. Neurology. 2019;92(3):e212–23.
Bonanad C et al. The Effect of Age on Mortality in Patients With COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis With 611,583 Subjects. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(7):915–8.
Thompson W. Worldwide survey of fitness trends for 2022. ACSMs Health Fit J. 2022;26(1):11–20.
Kis O et al. Minimally supervised home-based resistance training and muscle function in older adults: A meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019;84:103909.
Apolinario D et al. Normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Memory Index Score (MoCA-MIS) in Brazil: Adjusting the nonlinear effects of education with fractional polynomials. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018;33(7):893–9.
Cecato J et al. Poder preditivo do MoCa na avaliação neuropsicológica de pacientes com diagnóstico de demência. Rev Bras Geriatria Gerontol. 2014;17(4):707–19.
Moca Test. Remote MoCa Testing. [publicação na web]; 2020; acesso 21 de dezembro de 2022. Disponível em https://www. mocatest.org/remote-moca-testing
ACSM. The Coronavirus Pandemic. [publicação na web]; 2020; acesso 21 de dezembro de 2022. Disponível em https://www. acsm.org/read-research/newsroom/news-releases/news-detail/2020/03/16/staying-physically-active-during-covid-19-pandemic
Silva JDDA et al. Videoconference assessment of functional and cognitive measures in Brazilian older adults: a reliability and feasibility study. Geriatrics, Gerontology and Aging. 2023;17 : 1-9.
Castro S, Cunha L, Martins L. Teste Stroop Neuropsicológico em Português. 2009.
Klein M et al. O paradigma stroop em uma amostra de idosos brasileiros. Psicol Hosp. 2010;8(1):93–112.
Lacroix A et al. Effects of a supervised versus an unsupervised combined balance and strength training program on balance and muscle power in healthy older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Gerontology. 2015;62(3):275–88.
Stern Y. Cognitive reserve. Neuropsychologia. agosto de 2009;47(10):2015–28.
Erickson K, Gildengers A, Butters M. Physical activity and brain plasticity in late adulthood. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2022.
Tran QT, Docherty D, Behm D. The effects of varying time under tension and volume load on acute neuromuscular responses. Eur J Appl Physiol. novembro de 2006;98(4):402–10.
Öhman H et al. Effects of Exercise on Cognition: The Finnish Alzheimer Disease Exercise Trial: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64(4):731–8.
Liu-Ambrose T et al. Otago home-based strength and balance retraining improves executive functioning in older fallers: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56(10):1821–30.
Nemckek D, Simon A. Effect of 3-Months Home-Based Exercise Program on Changes of Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults Living in Old People’s Home. Acta Facul Educ Phys Universit Comen. 2016;56(1).
Prick A et al. The effects of a multicomponent dyadic intervention with physical exercise on the cognitive functioning of people with dementia: A randomized controlled trial. J Aging Phys Act. 2017;25(4):539–52.
Falck RS, Davis JC, Best JR, Crockett RA, Liu-Ambrose T. Impact of exercise training on physical and cognitive function among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol Aging. 2019;79:119–30.
Antunes HK, Santos RF, Cassilhas R, Santos RV, Bueno OF, Túlio de Mello M, et al. Exercício físico e função cognitiva: uma revisão. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2006;12(2).
Cetinkaya C et al. Positive effects of aerobic exercise on learning and memory functioning, which correlate with hippocampal IGF-1 increase in adolescent rats. Neurosci Lett. 2013;549:177–81.
Chow Z et al. The central mechanisms of resistance training and its effects on cognitive function. Sports Med. 2021;51(12):2483– 506.
Filho C et al. Influência do exercício físico na cognição: uma atualização sobre mecanismos fisiológicos. Rev Bras Med Esporte. 2014;20:237–41.
Haeger A et al. Cerebral changes improved by physical activity during cognitive decline: A systematic review on MRI studies. Neuroimage Clin. 2019;23:101933.
Jensen L et al. Effect of acute exercise and exercise training on VEGF splice variants in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2004;287(2):397–402.
Predovan D et al. Effect of Aerobic Exercise on White Matter Tract Microstructure in Young and Middle-Aged Healthy Adults. Front Hum Neurosci. 2021;288.
Sun H et al. Environmental enrichment influences BDNF and NR1 levels in the hippocampus and restores cognitive impairment in chronic cerebral hypoperfused rats. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2010;7(4):268–80.
Monachan D et al. Risk of fall among older adults and its association with cognitive impairment in a semi-urban community. Indian J Community Med. 2020;45(4):463.
Mañas A et al. Unsupervised home-based resistance training for community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ageing Res Rev. 2021;69:101368.
Tran Q, Docherty D, Behm D. The effects of varying time under tension and volume load on acute neuromuscular responses. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006;98(4):402–10.
Brearly T et al. europsychological Test Administration by Videoconference: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychol Rev. 2017;27(2):174–86.
Marra D et al. Validity of teleneuropsychology for older adults in response to COVID-19: A systematic and critical review. Clin Neuropsychol. 2020;34:7–8.
Wadsworth H et al. Validity of Teleneuropsychological Assessment in Older Patients with Cognitive Disorders. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2017;33(8):1040–5.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 O Mundo da Saúde
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
