Nutritional profile of people with pressure Injuries in home care

Abstract

Nutritional intake and nutritional status correlate with the development of pressure injuries (PI), as well as their healing.
Based on such premises, the purpose of this study was to verify the nutritional profile of patients bedridden with PI.
Twelve patients, who were cared for at home by the Family Health Program teams of São José do Rio Preto, from July
to August 2012, were studied. The results showed that 6 patients had stage II PI, 5 patients were stage III, and 1 patient
was stage IV. According to the Subjective Global Nutrition Assessment (SGNA) 50% were considered in nutritional risk
and 50% with malnutrition. According to the anthropometric indicators 16.7% were eutrophic, 25% were in nutritional
risk and 58.3% were malnourished. The patients ingested 1465.3 ± 459 (SD) calories / diameter and 54.1 + 26.9 (SD) g
protein / day. In relation to the intake of nutritional supplement, only 16.66% used some type. The caloric-protein intake
may predict the development of PI and make healing difficult. Patients who received most of the protein and energy
supply, as well as specific nutrients, tended to develop less PI and have better healing. Malnutrition may be associated
with the development of more severe PI, which suggests that a nutritional assessment and performance of interventions
assist in the prevention and treatment of PI. It is concluded that malnutrition may be a risk factor associated with the
development and severity of PI in the home environment. Therefore, nutritional monitoring of these patients is important
in both the prevention and the treatment of PI.