Preliminary assessment of the psychometric properties of the Fat Talk Questionnaire in a sample of young women
10.15343/0104-7809.202246527538I
Keywords:
Surveys and Questionnaires. Psychometry. Body dissatisfaction. Self-image.Abstract
Fat Talk (FT) is a term used to describe a behavior characterized by speech, thinking, and derogatory feelings towards one's own body and the body of another person. It is predominant in females and is related to worse body image and worse self-esteem. The Fat Talk Questionnaire (FTQ) is an instrument previously adapted cross-culturally for young women in Brazil. The aim of this study was to carry out a preliminary assessment of its psychometric properties. The FTQ was applied to 99 young females (18 to 19 years and 11 months), along with sociodemographic questions, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSS) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ8) to assess convergent validity (through the test Pearson’s correlation). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using the structural equation model with the allocation sampling technique. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha and MacDonald’s Omega. The structural equation model supported a one-dimensional scale (x2/gl = 1.62; CFI = 0.953; TLI = 0.935 and RMSEA = 0.079 [95%CI: 0.051-0.176]). The instrument presented an α-Cronbach of 0.89 [95%CI: 0.85-0.92] and an ω-MacDonald of 0.89; there was a high correlation with the BSQ8 (0.70) and a mean correlation (0.42) with the RSS. The instrument presented an adequate internal consistency, the confirmatory factor analysis of the FTQ supported a unidimensional instrument with satisfactory factor loadings, and a correlation was found between more Fat Talk behavior with greater concern with body shape and worse self-esteem.
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References
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48. Corning AF, Gondoli DM. Who is most likely to fat talk? A social comparison perspective. Body Image. 2012;9(4):528-531. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.05.004
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2. Nichter M. Fat talk: What girls and their parents say about dieting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000.
3. Takamura A, Yamazaki Y, Omori M. Developmental changes in fat talk to avoid peer rejection in Japanese girls and young women. Health Psychol Open. 2019; 6(1):2055102919854170. http://doi.org/10.1177/2055102919854170.
4. Lydecker JA, Riley KE, Grilo CM. Associations of parents' self, child, and other "fat talk" with child eating behaviors and weight. Int J Eat Disord. 2018; 51(6):527-534. http://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22858.
5. Mills J, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M. Fat talk and its relationship with body image disturbance. Body Image. 2016; 18:61-64. http:// doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.05.001.
6. Ousley L, Cordero ED, White S. Fat talk among college students: how undergraduates communicate regarding food and body weight, shape & appearance. Eat Disord. 2008; 16(1):73-84. http://doi.org/10.1080/10640260701773546
7. Salk RH, Engeln-Maddox R. “If You’re Fat, Then I’m Humongous!”: Frequency, Content, and Impact of Fat Talk Among College Women. Psychol Women Q. 2011;35(1):18–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/0361684310384107Sharpe H, Naumann U, Treasure J, Schmidt U. Is fat talking a causal risk factor for body dissatisfaction? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Eat Disord. 2013;46(7):643-652. http://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22151
8. Arroyo A, Harwood J. Exploring the Causes and Consequences of Engaging in Fat Talk. J Appl Commun Res. 2012; 40(2): 167-187. http://doi.org/10.1080/00909882.2012.654500
9. Guertin C, Barbeau K, Pelletier L, Martinelli G. Why do women engage in fat talk? Examining fat talk using Self-Determination Theory as an explanatory framework. Body Image. 2017;20:7-15. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.10.008
10. Webb JB, Rogers CB, Etzel L, Padro MP. "Mom, quit fat talking-I'm trying to eat (mindfully) here!": Evaluating a sociocultural model of family fat talk, positive body image, and mindful eating in college women. Appetite. 2018; 126:169-175. http://doi. org/10.1016/j.appet.2018.04.003
11. Vanderkruik R, Conte I, Dimidjian S. Fat talk frequency in high school women: Changes associated with participation in the Body Project. Body Image. 2020; 34:196-200. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.06.002
12. Royal S, Macdonald DE, Dionne MM. Development and validation of the Fat Talk Questionnaire. Body Image. 2013; 10(1):62-69. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.10.003
13. Becker CB, Diedrichs PC, Jankowski G, Werchan C. I'm not just fat, I'm old: has the study of body image overlooked "old talk"?. J Eat Disord. 2013; 1:6. Published 2013 Feb 21. http://doi.org/10.1186/2050-2974-1-6
14. Sladek MR, Engeln R, Miller SA. Development and validation of the Male Body Talk Scale: a psychometric investigation. Body Image. 2014;11(3):233-244. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.02.005
15. MacDonald DE, Dimitropoulos G, Royal S, Polanco A, Dionne MM. The Family Fat Talk Questionnaire: development and psychometric properties of a measure of fat talk behaviors within the family context. Body Image. 2015; 12:44-52. http://doi. org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.10.001
16. Engeln-Maddox R, Salk RH, Miller SA. Assessing Women’s Negative Commentary on Their Own Bodies: A Psychometric Investigation of the Negative Body Talk Scale. Psychol Women Q. 2012; 36(2): 162–178.
17. Lin L, Flynn M, O'Dell D. Measuring positive and negative body talk in men and women: The development and validation of the Body Talk Scale. Body Image. 2021; 37: 106-116. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.01.013
18. Warren CS, Holland S, Billings H, Parker A. The relationships between fat talk, body dissatisfaction, and drive for thinness: perceived stress as a moderator. Body Image. 2012; 9(3):358-364. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.03.008
19. Lin L, Soby M. Appearance comparisons styles and eating disordered symptoms in women. Eat Behav. 2016; 23:7-12. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.06.006
20. Rogers CB, Martz DM, Webb RM, Galloway AT. Everyone else is doing it (I think): The power of perception in fat talk. Body Image. 2017; 20:116-119. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.01.004
21. Sutin AR, Terracciano A. Personality and the Social Experience of Body Weight. Pers Individ Dif. 2019; 137:76-79. http:// doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.08.007
22. Sladek MR, Salk RH, Engeln R. Negative body talk measures for Asian, Latina(o), and White women and men: Measurement equivalence and associations with ethnic-racial identity. Body Image. 2018; 25:66-77. http://doi.org/10.1016/j. bodyim.2018.02.005
23. MacDonald Clarke P, Murnen SK, Smolak L. Development and psychometric evaluation of a quantitative measure of "fat talk". Body Image. 2010; 7(1):1-7. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2009.09.006
24. Mckinley NM, Hyde JS. The objectified body consciousness scale: development and validation. Psychol Women Q.1996; 20:181–215.
25. Silva GCA, Ganen AGP, Alvarenga MS. Adaptação transcultural do Fat Talk Questionnaire para o Português do Brasil. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2021; 24; e210051https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720210051.
26. Hair Jr. JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, et al. Multivariate data analysis (6ª ed.). Up Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. 2009.
27. De Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Nishida ASC, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ. 2007; (85(9):660-667. https://doi.org/ 10.2471/BLT.07.043497Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG.Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009; 41(4):1149–1160. http://doi.org/ 10.3758/bf03193146
28. Silva WR, Costa D, Pimenta F, Maroco J, & Campos JADB. Psychometric evaluation of a unified Portuguese-language version of the Body Shape Questionnaire in female university students. Cadernos de saude publica. 2016; 32, e00133715. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102- 311X00133715.
29. Sbicigo JB, Bandera DR, Dell'anglio DD. Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR): validade fatorial e consistência interna. Psico-USF; 2010; 15(3): 395-403. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-82712010000300012
30. Dini GM, Quaresma MR, Ferreira LM. Adaptação Cultural e Validação da Versão Brasileira da Escala de Auto-estima de Rosenberg . Rev. Bras. Cir. Plást.2004;19(1):41-52.
31. Kline RB. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: The Guilford Press; 2012.
32. Marôco J. Análise de Equações Estruturais: Fundamentos teóricos, Software e Aplicações. Pêro Pinheiro: Report Number, 2010.
33. Efronb, (1982). The jackknife, the bootstrap and other resampling plans. Society for Industrialand Applied Mathematics CBMS-National Science Foundation Monogroph, 38.
34. Hair JF Jr; Anderson RE; Tatham Rl. Black, W. C. Multivariate Data Analysis. 6th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 2005.Hu LT, Bentler PM. Cutoff Criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. structural. Structural Equation Modeling. 1999; 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
35. Maroco J. Análise de equações estruturais: Fundamentos teóricos, software e aplicações. 3. ed., 2014.
36. Martins BG, da Silva WR, Maroco J, Campos JADB. Psychometric characteristics of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-18 and eating behavior in undergraduate students. Eat Weight Disord. 2021; 26(2):525-536. doi:10.1007/s40519-020-00885-9
37. Hair Jr, Joseph F, Marcelo LDS Gabriel, and Vijay K. Patel. "Modelagem de Equações Estruturais Baseada em Covariância (CB-SEM) com o AMOS: Orientações sobre a sua aplicação como uma Ferramenta de Pesquisa de Marketing." Revista Brasileira de Marketing. 2014; 13(2): 44-55.
38. Rudiger JA, Winstead BA. Body talk and body-related co-rumination: associations with body image, eating attitudes, and psychological adjustment. Body Image. 2013;10(4):462-471. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.010
39. Beato-Fernández L, Rodríguez-Cano T, Belmonte-Llario A, Martínez-Delgado C. Risk factors for eating disorders in adolescents. A Spanish community-based longitudinal study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;13(5):287-294. http://doi. org/10.1007/s00787-004-0407-x
40. Dancey C, Reidy J. Estatística Sem Matemática para Psicologia: Usando SPSS para Windows. Porto Alegre, Artmed. 2006.
41. Terwee CB, Bot SD, de Boer MR, et al. Quality criteria were proposed for measurement properties of health status questionnaires. J Clin Epidemiol. 2007;60(1):34-42. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012
42. Hora HRM, Monteiro GTR, Arica J. Confiabilidade em questionários para qualidade: um estudo com o coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. Produto Produção; 2010; 11(2):85-103.
43. Ferrando PJ. & Lorenzo-Seva U. Assessing the Quality and Appropriateness of Factor Solutions and Factor Score Estimates in Exploratory Item Factor Analysis. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2018; 78(5): 762–780. https://doi. org/10.1177/0013164417719308
44. Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. Psychometric theory. 3rd ed. New Yourk: McGraw-Hill, 1994.
45- Dalley SE, Toffanin P, Libert J, Vidal J. Fat Talk in College Women: A Response Styles Perspective. Health Educ Behav. 2022; 49(6):1014-1021. http://doi.org/10.1177/10901981211008818
46. Lin L, Soby M. Is listening to fat talk the same as participating in fat talk?. Eat Disord. 2017;25(2):165-172. http://doi.org/ 10.1080/10640266.2016.1255106
47. Souza AC, Alvarenga M. Insatisfação com a imagem corporal em estudantes universitários – uma revisão integrativa. J Bras Psiquiatr. 2016; 65(3): 286–299. http://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000134
48. Corning AF, Gondoli DM. Who is most likely to fat talk? A social comparison perspective. Body Image. 2012;9(4):528-531. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.05.004
49. Compeau A, Ambwani S. The effects of fat talk on body dissatisfaction and eating behavior: the moderating role of dietary restraint. Body Image. 2013;10(4):451-461. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.04.006
50. Dunkel TM, Davidson D, Qurashi S. Body dissatisfaction: ethnic and gender differences across Chinese, indo-asian and European-discent students. Eat Disord.2004; 12(4): 321-336.
51. Goswami S, Sachdeva S, Sachdeva R. Body image satisfaction among female college students. Ind Psychiatry J. 2012;21(2):168-172. http://doi.org/10.4103/0972-6748.119653
52. Kennedy E. Dietary diversity, diet quality, and body weight regulation. Nutr Rev. 2004;62(7 Pt 2):S78-S81. http://doi. org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00093.x
53. Silva AMBD Machado WDL, Bellodi AC, Cunha KSD, & Enumo SRF. Jovens insatisfeitos com a imagem corporal: estresse, autoestima e problemas alimentares. Psico-USF. 2018; 23: 483-495.
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Published
2022-12-21
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Guimarães Vignoli, N., dos Santos Alvarenga, M., Carbonari Muzy, R., & de Piano Ganen, A. (2022). Preliminary assessment of the psychometric properties of the Fat Talk Questionnaire in a sample of young women: 10.15343/0104-7809.202246527538I. O Mundo Da Saúde, 46, 527–538. Retrieved from https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/1465
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