Influência do treinamento físico nas escolhas alimentares de idosos
DOI: 10.15343/0104-7809.202044300310
Palavras-chave:
Dieta. Envelhecimento. Comportamento alimentar. Apetite. Terapia de exercício.Resumo
A prática de treinamento físico influencia o apetite e o paladar de maneira que afeta as escolhas alimentares em
indivíduos jovens, geralmente contribuindo para escolhas alimentares mais saudáveis. Os idosos sofrem uma enorme
redução no paladar, nos hormônios e nas alterações gastrointestinais, levando também a alterações no apetite.
Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi testar os efeitos do treinamento combinado (TC) nas escolhas alimentares dos
idosos. Cinquenta e dois indivíduos (> 60 anos) foram randomizados em um grupo de TC (exercícios aeróbicos e
resistidos) e um grupo controle (GC); 20 indivíduos no grupo TC e 23 indivíduos no grupo GC. Os participantes estavam
fisicamente inativos antes do estudo e completaram a intervenção de 16 semanas. Os participantes responderam
ao questionário de frequência alimentar contendo 84 itens, antes e depois das intervenções. Houve diferenças nas
frequências alimentares entre os grupos, como maior consumo de manteiga e margarina e menor consumo de peixe
e sopa no GC em relação ao TC, que foram mantidos mesmo após 16 semanas. No entanto, o maior consumo de
adicionais de óleo e tendencia a menor consumo de chantilly no GC foi o mesmo no TC após 16 semanas. Além disso,
houve uma tendência a maior consumo de de frutas (3,47 ± 2,05) e tendencia a menor consumo de salgadinhos fritos
e sal adicional nas saladas para TC (0,03 ± 0,03 e 0,63 ± 0,48, respectivamente), em comparação ao GC (2,24 ± 1,04;
0,06 ± 0,05 e 0,89 ± 0,3). Portanto, apesar das tendências sutis de mudanças nos hábitos, o treinamento combinado
não alterou efetivamente as escolhas alimentares dos idosos.
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23. Libardi CA, Souza GV, GÁspari AF, Santos CF Dos, Leite ST, Dias R, et al. Effects of concurrent training on interleukin-6, tumour
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29. Gustafson CR, Rakhmatullaeva N, Beckford SE, Ammachathram A, Cristobal A, Koehler K. Exercise and the timing of snack choice:
Healthy snack choice is reduced in the post-exercise state. Vol. 10, Nutrients. 2018 Dec 1;10(12).
30. Blundell JE, Stubbs RJ, Hughes DA, Whybrow S, King NA. Cross talk between physical activity and appetite control: does physical
activity stimulate appetite? Vol. 62, The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2003 Aug;62(3):651–61.
31. Ueda SY, Yoshikawa T, Katsura Y, Usui T, Fujimoto S. Comparable effects of moderate intensity exercise on changes in anorectic gut
hormone levels and energy intake to high intensity exercise. Vol. 203, Journal of Endocrinology. 2009 Dec;203(3):357–64.
changes into a unified resource. Vol. 43, Nucleic Acids Research. 2015 Jan 15;43(D1):D873–8.
2. Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, et al. Exercise and Physical Activity for Older
Adults. Vol. 41, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2009 Jul;41(7):1510–30.
3. Drewnowski A, Evans WJ. Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Quality of Life in Older Adults: Summary [Internet]. 2001.
4. Bermon S, Petriz B, Kajeniene A, Prestes J, Castell L, Franco OL. The microbiota: An exercise immunology perspective. Exercise
Immunology Review. Association for the Advancement of Sports Medicine; 2015. p. 70–9.
5. Conn VS, Koopman RJ, Ruppar TM, Phillips LJ, Mehr DR, Hafdahl AR. Insulin sensitivity following exercise interventions: Systematic
review and meta-analysis of outcomes among healthy adults. Journal of Primary Care and Community Health. SAGE Publications Inc.;
2014. p. 211–22.
6. Schultz TJ, Roupas P, Wiechula R, Krause D, Gravier S, Tuckett A, et al. Nutritional interventions for optimizing healthy body
composition in older adults in the community: an umbrella review of systematic reviews. JBI database of systematic reviews andimplementation reports. 2016. p. 257–308.
7. Finlay BB, Pettersson S, Melby MK, Bosch TCG. The Microbiome Mediates Environmental Effects on Aging. Vol. 41, BioEssays. 2019
Oct 1;41(10).
8. Ferrucci L, Fabbri E. Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty. Nature Reviews Cardiology.
Nature Publishing Group; 2018. p. 505–22.
9. Chen W, Wang HJ, Shang NN, Liu J, Li J, Tang DH, et al. Moderate intensity treadmill exercise alters food preference via dopaminergic
plasticity of ventral tegmental area-nucleus accumbens in obese mice. Vol. 641, Neuroscience Letters. 2017 Feb 22;641:56–61.
10. Joo J, Williamson SA, Vazquez AI, Fernandez JR, Bray MS. The influence of 15-week exercise training on dietary patterns among
young adults. Vol. 43, International Journal of Obesity. 2019 Sep 1;43(9):1681–90.
11. Martins C, Morgan L, Truby H. A review of the effects of exercise on appetite regulation: an obesity perspective. Vol. 32, International
journal of obesity (2005). 2008 Sep;32(9):1337–47.
12. Thivel D, Metz L, Julien A, Morio B, Duché P. Obese but not lean adolescents spontaneously decrease energy intake after intensive
exercise. Vol. 123, Physiology and Behavior. 2014 Jan 17;123:41–6.
13. Bellisle F. Food choice, appetite and physical activity. In: Vol. 2, Public Health Nutrition. CAB International; 1999. p. 357–61.
14. King NA, Hopkins M, Caudwell P, Stubbs RJ, Blundell JE. Individual variability following 12 weeks of supervised exercise:
Identification and characterization of compensation for exercise-induced weight loss. Vol. 32, International Journal of Obesity. 2008 Jan
12;32(1):177–84.
15. Morley JE. Decreased Food Intake With Aging. Vol. 56, The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical
Sciences. 2001 Oct 1;56(Supplement 2):81–8.
16. Boucher B, Cotterchio M, Kreiger N, Nadalin V, Block T, Block G. Validity and reliability of the Block98 food-frequency questionnaire
in a sample of Canadian women. Vol. 9, Public Health Nutrition. 2006 Feb;9(1):84–93.
17. Henn RL, Fuchs SC, Moreira LB, Fuchs FD. Desenvolvimento e validação de um questionário de freqüência alimentar (QFA-Porto
alegre) para a população de adolescentes, adultos e idosos do sul do Brasil. Vol. 26, Cadernos de Saude Publica. 2010;26(11):2068–79.
18. Sardeli A V., Gáspari AF, Santos WM dos, Moraes DFG, Gadelha VB, Santos L do C, et al. Time-course of health-related adaptations
in response to combined training in hypertensive elderly: immune and autonomic modulation interactions. Vol. 24, Motriz: Revista de
Educação Física. 2018 Nov 23;24(4).
19. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE, Collins KJ, Dennison Himmelfarb C, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/
APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults:
Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task F. Vol. 71, Hypertension. 2018
Jun;71(6):1269–324.
20. Pescatello LS, Franklin B a, Fagard R, Farquhar WB, Kelley G a, Ray C a. Exercise and hypertension. Volin sports and exercise. 2004;36(3):533–53.
21. Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee I-M, et al. American College of Sports Medicine position stand.
Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently
healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Vol. 43, Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 2011 Jul;43(7):1334–59.
22. Jones AM, Doust JH. A 1% treadmill grade most accurately reflects the energetic cost of outdoor running. Vol. 14, Journal of sports
sciences. 1996 Aug;14(4):321–7.
23. Libardi CA, Souza GV, GÁspari AF, Santos CF Dos, Leite ST, Dias R, et al. Effects of concurrent training on interleukin-6, tumour
necrosis factor-alpha and C-reactive protein in middle-aged men. Vol. 29, Journal of Sports Sciences. 2011 Nov;29(14):1573–81.
24. Heubert RAP, Billat VL, Chassaing P, Bocquet V, Morton RH, Koralsztein JP, et al. Effect of a previous sprint on the parameters of the
work-time to exhaustion relationship in high intensity cycling. Vol. 26, International journal of sports medicine. 2005 Sep;26(7):583–92.
25. Pedraza DF, Menezes TN de. Questionários de Frequência de Consumo Alimentar desenvolvidos e validados para população do
Brasil: revisão da literatura. Vol. 20, Ciência & Saúde Coletiva. 2015 Sep;20(9):2697–720.
26. Alimentação Saudável P. Guia Alimentar Para A População Brasileira.
27. De Nutrição M. Departamento de Nutrição e Metabologia da SBD. 2009.
28. McNeil J, Cadieux S, Finlayson G, Blundell JE, Doucet É. The effects of a single bout of aerobic or resistance exercise on food reward.
Vol. 84, Appetite. 2015 Jan 1;84:264–70.
29. Gustafson CR, Rakhmatullaeva N, Beckford SE, Ammachathram A, Cristobal A, Koehler K. Exercise and the timing of snack choice:
Healthy snack choice is reduced in the post-exercise state. Vol. 10, Nutrients. 2018 Dec 1;10(12).
30. Blundell JE, Stubbs RJ, Hughes DA, Whybrow S, King NA. Cross talk between physical activity and appetite control: does physical
activity stimulate appetite? Vol. 62, The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 2003 Aug;62(3):651–61.
31. Ueda SY, Yoshikawa T, Katsura Y, Usui T, Fujimoto S. Comparable effects of moderate intensity exercise on changes in anorectic gut
hormone levels and energy intake to high intensity exercise. Vol. 203, Journal of Endocrinology. 2009 Dec;203(3):357–64.
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Publicado
2020-04-01
Como Citar
Veiga Sardeli, A. ., Luisa Bellotto, M. ., Fabiele de Godoi Moraes, D. ., Martins dos Santos, W. ., Bueno Gadelha, V. ., Lívia Venturini Ferreira, M., & Patrícia Traina Chacon-Mikahil, M. . (2020). Influência do treinamento físico nas escolhas alimentares de idosos: DOI: 10.15343/0104-7809.202044300310. O Mundo Da Saúde, 44, 300–310. Recuperado de https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/949
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