Eletroquimioterapia, uma nova terapia para pacientes com câncer cutâneo na América Latina: revisão da literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15343/0104-7809.202448e15462023PPalavras-chave:
Câncer, Dermatologia, Eletroporação, Cirurgia, PaliativoResumo
A eletroquimioterapia é uma tecnologia inovadora usada para tratar cânceres de pele e mucosa. Consiste na administração intravenosa de bleomicina seguida pela aplicação de pulsos de eletroporação no tumor em suas margens. Esses pulsos induzem a formação de poros na membrana celular, aumentando a eficácia citotóxica da bleomicina em mais de 1.000 vezes. Como a eletroporação é um fenômeno físico, diferentes tipos de tumores podem ser tratados, independentemente de sua histologia. Geralmente, apenas uma sessão de tratamento é necessária para obter resposta satisfatória. A eletroquimioterapia é uma boa opção para tumores recidivantes nos quais outras terapias não proporcionam resposta. Além disso, os tumores podem ser reduzidos com a terapia, permitindo cirurgias menos agressivas e melhorando os resultados. Muitas diretrizes de tratamento começaram a incluir o uso dessa técnica não ablativa como uma nova opção de tratamento quando outras terapias falharam ou foram rejeitadas pelo paciente. O tratamento é realizado em regime ambulatorial com altas taxas de resposta e poucos efeitos colaterais.
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