Influence of Body Composition on Functional Capacity of Elderly Women with Incidence of Falls
10.15343/0104-7809.202246450457I
Keywords:
Elderly Health. Body composition. Functional Physical Performance. Risk Groups. Accidents from Falls.Abstract
Functional capacity is an important predictor of quality of life and can be affected by changes in body composition in the elderly, resulting from the aging process itself, with loss of bone mass, muscle mass, and changes in the level of body fat. It is important to analyze the influence of these changes on the decrease of strength and, consequently, its relationship with the incidence of falls, an important factor of functional capacity. The objective of this study was to verify the relationship between body composition and functional capacity in community-dwelling elderly women over 65 years old with or without incidence of falls. This is a cross-sectional and analytical study, sample composed of 77 elderly women divided into two groups, according to the history of falls among fallers (n = 23, mean age 73.6 ± 5.15 years) and non-fallers (n = 54, mean age 71.24 ± 4.92 years). Data were collected age, weight, height, functional capacity through the Sit and Stand Test (SST), as well as body composition, anthropometric measurements, skinfolds, and bone diameters were considered. Later, the comparative study between the faller and non-faller groups in relation to body composition with functional capacity was performed by the T-Student and Mann-Whitney tests. The correlation between the variables body composition and functional capacity and BMI was verified by the Pearson and Spearman tests, adopting the value of (p ≤ 0.05) as significance. A significant difference was identified between the values of functional capacity and bone weight in the group of elderly women with an incidence of falls when compared to the non-faller group (p = 0.002). A weak positive relationship was observed between functional capacity and lean mass weight (r = 0.232, p = 0.021), and functional capacity and bone weight (r = 0.343, p = 0.001) in the elderly women in this study. Among the elderly, aged over 65 years old and with an incidence of falls, bone weight had an influence on functional capacity. The variables of body composition, weight, lean mass, and bone weight are related to functional capacity in community-dwelling elderly women aged over 65 years.
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References
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17. Bohannon RW. Measurement of sit-to-stand among older adults. Top Geriatr Rehabil . 2012;28(1):11–16. https://doi.org/10.1097/TGR.0b013e31823415fa.
18. Pimentel I, Scheicher ME. Comparação da mobilidade, força muscular e medo de cair em idosas caidoras e não caidoras. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol . 2013;16(2):251–7..https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809- 98232013000200005.
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21. Bertolucci PHF, Brucki SMD, Campacci SR, Juliano Y. O Mini-Exame do Estado Mental em uma população geral. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. 1994;52(1):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X1994000100001
22. Lucena, JMS. Fatores relacionados à capacidade funcional e controle glicêmico como preditores da Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde em indivíduos com diabetes Tipo 2 numa cidade do Norte do Brasil [master’s thesis]. Brasília:Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física.; 2021. 121 p. https://repositorio.uft.edu.br/bitstream/11612/2978/1/Joana%20Marcela%20Sales%20de%20Lucena%20-%20Tese.pdf
23. Le Berre M, Apap D, Babcock J, Bray S, Gareau E, Chassé K, et al. The psychometric properties of a modified sit-to-stand test with use of the upper extremities in institutionalized older adults. Percept Mot Skills . 2016 ;123(1):138–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512516653388
24. Slaughter SE, Wagg AS, Jones CA, Schopflocher D, Ickert C, Bampton E, et al. Mobility of vulnerable elders study: Effect of the sit-to-stand activity on mobility, function, and quality of life. J Am Med Dir Assoc . 2015;16(2):138–43.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2014.07.020.
25. Dos Santos RG, Tribess S, Meneguci J, Da Bastos LLAG, Dami??o R, Virtuoso JS. Força de membros inferiores como indicador de incapacidade funcional em idosos. Motriz Rev Educ Fis . 2013;19(3):35– 42.https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742013000700006.
26. Ribeiro EAM, Ribeiro EE, Viegas K, Teixeira F, Dos Santos Montagner GFF, Mota KM, et al. Functional, balance and health determinants of falls in a free living community Amazon riparian elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr . 2013 ;56(2):350–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.08.015.
27. Gonçalves F, Mourão P. A Avaliação Da Composição Corporal - a Medição De Pregas Adiposas Como Técnica Para a Avaliação Da Composição Corporal. Motricidade . 2008;4(4). https://doi.org/10.6063/ motricidade.255.
28. Mukaka MM. Statistics corner: A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Med J. 2012;24(3):69-71. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3576830/
29. Schiano TD. A Physician’s Guide to Nutrition in Chronic Disease Management in Older Adults. Natl Dairy Counc . 2002 ;1–16. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0115426503018001101.
30. Falsarella RG, Gasparotto RL, Barcelos CC, Coimbra BI, Moretto CM, Pascoa AM, et al. Body composition as a frailty marker for the elderly community. Clin Interv Aging . 2015; 10:1661.https://doi. org/10.2147/CIA.S84632.
31. Santos WT dos, Rodrigues E de C, Mainenti MRM. Muscle performance, body fat, pain and function in the elderly with arthritis. Acta Ortopédica Bras . 2014;22(1):54–8.https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413- 78522014000100010.
32. Nanes MS, Kallen CB. Osteoporosis. Semin Nucl Med. 2019 ;44(6):439–50. https:// doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.06.006.
33. Hars M, Trombetti A. Body composition assessment in the prediction of osteoporotic fractures. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017;29(4):394–401.https://doi.org/10.1097/BOR.0000000000000406.
34. Hars M, Biver E, Chevalley T, Herrmann F, Rizzoli R, Ferrari S, et al. Low Lean Mass Predicts Incident Fractures Independently From FRAX: a Prospective Cohort Study of Recent Retirees. J Bone Miner Res. 2016 ;31(11):2048–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2878.
35. Silva N de A, Pedraza DF, Menezes TN de. Desempenho funcional e sua associação com variáveis antropométricas e de composição corporal em idosos. Cien Saude Colet . 2015;20(12):3723–32.https://doi. org/10.1590/1413-812320152012.01822015.
36. Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Jin M, Gu Z, Pei Y, Meng P. Aged-related changes in body composition and association between body composition with bone mass density by body mass index in Chinese Han men over 50-year-old. PLoS One . 2015;10(6):1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130400.
2. Barbosa BR, Almeida JM, Barbosa MR, Rossi-Barbosa LAR. Avaliação da capacidade funcional dos idosos e fatores associados à incapacidade. Cien Saude Colet. 2014; 19 (8):3317-25. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014198.06322013.
3. Brady AO, Chad RS, Evans EM . Body Composition, Muscle Capacity, and Physical Function in Older Adults: An Integrated Conceptual Model. J Aging Phys Act.. 2014 ; 22 (3): 441-52. . https://doi.org/10.1123/ JAPA.2013-0009.
4. Neto LSS, Karnikowiski MGO, Tavares AB, Lima RM. Associação entre sarcopenia, obesidade sarcopênica e força muscular com variáveis relacionadas de qualidade de vida em idosas. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2012;;16(5):360- 7. . https://doi.org/ 10.1590/S1413-35552012005000044.
5. Fantin F, Micciolo R, Bissoli L, Francesco VD, Bosello O, Zamboni M, et al. Longitudinal Body Composition Changes in Old Men and Women: Interrelationships With Worsening Disability. J Gerontol Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci . 2011;62(12):1375–81. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/62.12.1375.
6. Fantin F, Micciolo R, Bissoli L, Francesco VD, Bosello O, Zamboni M, et al. Longitudinal Body Composition Changes in Old Men and Women: Interrelationships With Worsening Disability. J Gerontol Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011;62(12):1375–81. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/62.12.1375.
7. Melloni MAS, De Almeida Ávila J, Páscoa MA, De Oliveira Barbeta CJ, Cirolini VX, Gonçalves EM, et al. Can anthropometric, body composition, and bone variables be considered risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in Brazilian military students? BMC Musculoskelet Disord . 2018;19(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-018- 2292-3.
8. Alfieri FM, Silva NOV, Kutz NA; Salgueiro MMH. Relações entre equilíbrio, força muscular, mobilidade funcional, medo decair e estado nutricional de idosos da comunidade. Rev Kairós Gerontol. 2016 ;19(2):147–65. https://doi.org/10.23925/2176-901X.2016v19i2p147-165.
9. Menezes TN de, Brito MT, Araújo TBP de, Silva CCM, Nolasco RR do N, Fischer MATS. Perfil antropométrico dos idosos residentes em Campina Grande-PB. Rev Bras Geriatr e Gerontol. 2013;16(1):19–27. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809- 98232013000100003
10. Soares LD de A, Campos F de AC e S, Araújo M das GR de, Falcão APST, Lima BRD de A, Siqueira DF.. Análise do desempenho motor associado ao estado nutricional de idosos cadastrados no Programa Saúde da Família, no município de Vitória de Santo Antão-PE. Cien Saude Colet . 2012;17(5):1297–304. https://doi. org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000500023.
11. Morley JE, Rolland Y, Tolson D, Vellas B. Increasing awareness of the factors producing falls: The mini falls assessment. J Am Med Dir Assoc [Revista em Internet]. 2012 [acesso em 2022];13(2):87–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2011.11.002.
12. Buffa R, Floris GU, Putzu PF, Marini E. Body composition variations in ageing. Coll Antropol. 2011;35(1):259–65.
13. Lamb SE, Jorstad-Stein EC, Hauer K, Becker C. Development of a common outcome data set for fall injury prevention trials: The Prevention of Falls Network Europe consensus. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(9):1618– 22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53455.x.
14. Santos SCA dos, Figueiredo DMP de. Preditores do medo de cair em idosos portugueses na comunidade: um estudo exploratório. Cien Saude Colet. 2019;24(1):77–86. https://10.1590/1413- 81232018241.29932016
15. Valduga R, Lopes BS, Farias DL, Nascimento D da C, Valduga LV, Prestes J, et al. Risk of falls and the relationship with the functionality and fear of falling in the older women. Rev Bras Ciência e Mov. 2016;24(1):153-66. https://doi.org/10.18511/0103-1716/rbcm.v24n1p153-166.
16. Finlayson ML, Peterson EW. Falls, aging, and disability. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2010; 21(2):357-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2009.12.003
17. Bohannon RW. Measurement of sit-to-stand among older adults. Top Geriatr Rehabil . 2012;28(1):11–16. https://doi.org/10.1097/TGR.0b013e31823415fa.
18. Pimentel I, Scheicher ME. Comparação da mobilidade, força muscular e medo de cair em idosas caidoras e não caidoras. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol . 2013;16(2):251–7..https://doi.org/10.1590/S1809- 98232013000200005.
19. Applebaum E V, Breton D, Feng ZW, Ta AT, Walsh K, Chassé K. Modified 30-second Sit to Stand test predicts falls in a cohort of institutionalized older veterans. PLoS One . 2017;12(5):1–13.https://doi. org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176946
20. Scott D, Seibel M, Cumming R, Naganathan V, Blyth F, Le Couteur DG, Handelsman DJ, Waite LM, Hirani V. Sarcopenic Obesity and Its Temporal Associations With Changes in Bone Mineral Density, Incident Falls, and Fractures in Older Men: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. J Bone Miner Res. 2017; 32: 575-83. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.3016.
21. Bertolucci PHF, Brucki SMD, Campacci SR, Juliano Y. O Mini-Exame do Estado Mental em uma população geral. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. 1994;52(1):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0004-282X1994000100001
22. Lucena, JMS. Fatores relacionados à capacidade funcional e controle glicêmico como preditores da Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde em indivíduos com diabetes Tipo 2 numa cidade do Norte do Brasil [master’s thesis]. Brasília:Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física.; 2021. 121 p. https://repositorio.uft.edu.br/bitstream/11612/2978/1/Joana%20Marcela%20Sales%20de%20Lucena%20-%20Tese.pdf
23. Le Berre M, Apap D, Babcock J, Bray S, Gareau E, Chassé K, et al. The psychometric properties of a modified sit-to-stand test with use of the upper extremities in institutionalized older adults. Percept Mot Skills . 2016 ;123(1):138–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512516653388
24. Slaughter SE, Wagg AS, Jones CA, Schopflocher D, Ickert C, Bampton E, et al. Mobility of vulnerable elders study: Effect of the sit-to-stand activity on mobility, function, and quality of life. J Am Med Dir Assoc . 2015;16(2):138–43.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2014.07.020.
25. Dos Santos RG, Tribess S, Meneguci J, Da Bastos LLAG, Dami??o R, Virtuoso JS. Força de membros inferiores como indicador de incapacidade funcional em idosos. Motriz Rev Educ Fis . 2013;19(3):35– 42.https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742013000700006.
26. Ribeiro EAM, Ribeiro EE, Viegas K, Teixeira F, Dos Santos Montagner GFF, Mota KM, et al. Functional, balance and health determinants of falls in a free living community Amazon riparian elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr . 2013 ;56(2):350–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2012.08.015.
27. Gonçalves F, Mourão P. A Avaliação Da Composição Corporal - a Medição De Pregas Adiposas Como Técnica Para a Avaliação Da Composição Corporal. Motricidade . 2008;4(4). https://doi.org/10.6063/ motricidade.255.
28. Mukaka MM. Statistics corner: A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Med J. 2012;24(3):69-71. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3576830/
29. Schiano TD. A Physician’s Guide to Nutrition in Chronic Disease Management in Older Adults. Natl Dairy Counc . 2002 ;1–16. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0115426503018001101.
30. Falsarella RG, Gasparotto RL, Barcelos CC, Coimbra BI, Moretto CM, Pascoa AM, et al. Body composition as a frailty marker for the elderly community. Clin Interv Aging . 2015; 10:1661.https://doi. org/10.2147/CIA.S84632.
31. Santos WT dos, Rodrigues E de C, Mainenti MRM. Muscle performance, body fat, pain and function in the elderly with arthritis. Acta Ortopédica Bras . 2014;22(1):54–8.https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413- 78522014000100010.
32. Nanes MS, Kallen CB. Osteoporosis. Semin Nucl Med. 2019 ;44(6):439–50. https:// doi.org/10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2014.06.006.
33. Hars M, Trombetti A. Body composition assessment in the prediction of osteoporotic fractures. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2017;29(4):394–401.https://doi.org/10.1097/BOR.0000000000000406.
34. Hars M, Biver E, Chevalley T, Herrmann F, Rizzoli R, Ferrari S, et al. Low Lean Mass Predicts Incident Fractures Independently From FRAX: a Prospective Cohort Study of Recent Retirees. J Bone Miner Res. 2016 ;31(11):2048–56. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2878.
35. Silva N de A, Pedraza DF, Menezes TN de. Desempenho funcional e sua associação com variáveis antropométricas e de composição corporal em idosos. Cien Saude Colet . 2015;20(12):3723–32.https://doi. org/10.1590/1413-812320152012.01822015.
36. Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Jin M, Gu Z, Pei Y, Meng P. Aged-related changes in body composition and association between body composition with bone mass density by body mass index in Chinese Han men over 50-year-old. PLoS One . 2015;10(6):1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130400.
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2022-11-04
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Martins Gervásio, F., Pontes, G., Santana, F., Liz Policar de Sousa, B., & Nascimento Veloso, A. H. (2022). Influence of Body Composition on Functional Capacity of Elderly Women with Incidence of Falls: 10.15343/0104-7809.202246450457I. O Mundo Da Saúde, 46, 450–457. Retrieved from https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/1436
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