Relationships between physical activity, physical fitness and mortality among the elderly: Fibra Study
DOI: 10.15343/0104-7809.202044290299
Keywords:
Aging, Morbidity. Physical Performance. Wellness, Health Promotion.Abstract
Being physically active and maintaining great physical fitness protect older adults against early death. However, is not
clear through which mechanisms such relationships occur or whether physical fitness is required to prevent mortality in
this population. The objective was to investigate relationships between physical activity, physical fitness and occurrence
of death among the elderly residing in a community and explore the mediating effects. A cross-sectional study from
FIBRA Study database, collected in Campinas city, in Sao Paulo state, Brazil between 2008 and 2009 was performed. The
occurrence of death was verified in August 2017 in the Mortality Information System (MIS). Physical activity was measured
through self-reporting while physical fitness was measured through physical performance tests with 800 participants aged
65 years or older. A model was drawn to test relationships and mediating effects between global, leisurely, domestic
physical activities, physical fitness, and mortality, controlled by sex and age. The results demonstrated three main findings:
1) the direct effect of global physical activity on death and its indirect effect mediated by slowness; 2) the direct effect
of domestic activity on death and its mediated effect through weakness; and 3) the direct effect of slowness on death.
Physically inactive, weak and slow elderly have a greater probability of death. Moreover, the benefits of physical activity
are probably beyond physical fitness.
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25. Gomes CS, Carvalho MT, Coelho VHM, Walsh IAP, Martins LJP, Nogueira CM, Pinto JM. Influência do sedentarismo na
mobilidade com e sem dupla tarefa em idosos usuários da atenção básica em saúde. Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre Envelhecimento.
2020 [ahead of print].
26. Pinto JM, Neri, AL. Factors related to low social participationin older adults: findings from the Fibra study, Brazil. Cad. Saúde
Colet. 2017;25 (3): 286-293. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462x201700030300.
gnv130.
2. Kalache A, Aboderin I, Hoskins I. Compression of morbidity and active ageing: key priorities for public health policy in the 21st
century. Bull World Health Organ. 2002;80(3):243-4.
3. Ku PW, Fox KR, Chen LJ, Chou P. Physical activity and depressive symptoms in older adults: 11-year follow-up. Am J Prev Med.
2012;42(4):355-62. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.11.010.
4. Middleton LE, Barnes DE, Lui LY, Yaffe K. Physical activity over the life course and its association with cognitive performance and
impairment in old age. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010;58(7):1322-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.02903.x.
5. Seguin R, Buchner DM, Liu J, Allison M, Manini T, Wang CY, et al. Sedentary behavior and mortality in older women: the Women's
Health Initiative. Am J Prev Med.2014;46(2):122-35. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.021.
6. Lee DC, Pate RR, Lavie CJ, Sui X, Church TS, Blair SN. Leisure-time running reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk. J
Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(5):472-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.04.058.
7. Long G, Watkinson C, Brage S, Morris J, Tuxworth B, Fentem P, et al. Mortality benefits of population-wide adherence to national
physical activity guidelines: a prospective cohort study. Eur J Epidemiol. 2015;30(1):71-9. doi: 10.1007/s10654-014-9965-5.
8. Stenholm S, Koster A, Valkeinen H, Patel KV, Bandinelli S, Guralnik JM, et al. Association of Physical Activity History With Physical
Function and Mortality in Old Age. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016;71(4):496-501. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv111.
9. Murphy MH, Donnelly P, Breslin G, Shibli S, Nevill AM. Does doing housework keep you healthy? The contribution of domestic
physical activity to meeting current recommendations for health. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:966. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-966.
10. Willey JZ, Moon YP, Sherzai A, Cheung YK, Sacco RL, Elkind MS. Leisure-time physical activity and mortality in a multiethnic
prospective cohort study: the Northern Manhattan Study. Ann Epidemiol. 2015;25(7):475-9.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.04.001.
11. Samitz G, Egger M, Zwahlen M. Domains of physical activity and all-cause mortality: systematic review and dose-response metaanalysis
of cohort studies. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40(5):1382-400. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyr112.
12. Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for healthrelated
research. Public Health Rep. 1985;100(2):126-31.
13. Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J
Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56(3):146-56. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146.
14. Sandvik L, Erikssen J, Thaulow E, Erikssen G, Mundal R, Rodahl K. Physical fitness as a predictor of mortality among healthy,
middle-aged Norwegian men. N Engl J Med. 1993;328(8):533-7. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199302253280803.
15. Sasaki H, Kasagi F, Yamada M, Fujita S. Grip strength predicts cause-specific mortality in middle-aged and elderly persons. Am J
Med. 2007;120(4):337-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.04.018.
16. Virtuoso JF, Balbé GP, Hermes JM, Amorim Júnior EE, Fortunato AR, Mazo GZ. Força de preensão manual e aptidões físicas:
um estudo preditivo com idosos ativos. Braz J Ger Gerontol. 2014. 17(4: 775-84. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-9823.2014.13183.
17. Abellan van Kan G, Rolland Y, Andrieu S, Bauer J, Beauchet O, Bonnefoy M, et al. Gait speed at usual pace as a predictor of
adverse outcomes in community-dwelling older people an International Academy on Nutrition and Aging (IANA) Task Force. J Nutr
Health Aging. 2009;13(10):881-9. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-009-0246-z.
18. Studenski S, Perera S, Patel K, Rosano C, Faulkner K, Inzitari M, et al. Gait speed and survival in older adults. JAMA. 2011;305(1):50-
8. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1923.
19. Neri AL, Yassuda MS, Araújo LF, Eulálio MoC, Cabral BE, Siqueira ME, et al. Metodologia e perfil sociodemográfico, cognitivo
e de fragilidade de idosos comunitários de sete cidades brasileiras: Estudo FIBRA. Cadernos de Saúde Pública.2013;29(4):778-92.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2013000400015.
20. Taylor HL, Jacobs DR, Schucker B, Knudsen J, Leon AS, Debacker G. A questionnaire for the assessment of leisure time physical
activities. J Chronic Dis. 1978;31(12):741-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9681(78)90058-9.
21. Lustosa LP, Pereira DS, Dias RC, Britto RR, Parentoni AN, Pereira LSM. Translation and cultural adaptation of the Minnesota
Leisure Time Activities Questionnaire in community-dwelling older people. Geriatria & Gerontologia. 2011; 57-65.
22. Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, et al. American College of Sports
Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(7):1510-30. DOI: 10.1249/
MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c.
23. Jerome GJ, Ko SU, Kauffman D, Studenski SA, Ferrucci L, Simonsick EM. Gait characteristics associated with walking speed
decline in older adults: results from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2015;60(2):239-43. DOI:
10.1016/j.archger.2015.01.007.
24. Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR, Powell KE, Blair SN, Franklin BA, et al. Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation
for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2007;116(9):1081-93.
DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616b27.
25. Gomes CS, Carvalho MT, Coelho VHM, Walsh IAP, Martins LJP, Nogueira CM, Pinto JM. Influência do sedentarismo na
mobilidade com e sem dupla tarefa em idosos usuários da atenção básica em saúde. Estudos Interdisciplinares sobre Envelhecimento.
2020 [ahead of print].
26. Pinto JM, Neri, AL. Factors related to low social participationin older adults: findings from the Fibra study, Brazil. Cad. Saúde
Colet. 2017;25 (3): 286-293. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462x201700030300.
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Published
2020-04-01
How to Cite
Maria Nevoni Ferreira de Araujo, C., Martins Pinto, J., Liberalesso Neri, A. ., & José D’Elboux, M. (2020). Relationships between physical activity, physical fitness and mortality among the elderly: Fibra Study: DOI: 10.15343/0104-7809.202044290299. O Mundo Da Saúde, 44, 290–299. Retrieved from https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/953
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