Knowledge and attitudes of patients with nephrolithiasis: a crosssectional study
10.15343/0104-7809.202246412421
Keywords:
Urolithiasis. Risk factors. Knowledge. Prevention.Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is a common urinary tract disease with an increasing prevalence, mainly due to the lack of control of modifiable risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge about risk factors for nephrolithiasis and patients' attitudes. This is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive, and analytical study based on a review of medical records and through an online survey of patients diagnosed with nephrolithiasis during follow-up at a private nephrology clinic in Joinville, Brazil. Gender, age, comorbidities, laboratory values, knowledge, and attitudes were evaluated. An explanatory multivariate model was proposed to assess the effect of knowledge and attitudes on risk factors for nephrolithiasis. Of the 129 participants, 44 (34%) were men, median age 42 years and median time to diagnosis 5 years. Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity in 26%. In 42% of patients, there was weight gain since the first consultation. Alone, excessive salt consumption (98%), low water intake (77%) and high protein consumption (67%) were the most identified risk factors. After adjusting for confounders, greater knowledge was not associated with weight gain (OR=0.94; 95% CI 0.73-1.22; p=0.661) or lower salt intake (OR=1.26; 95% CI 0.95-1.67; p=0.106). Greater knowledge was associated with greater daily fluid intake (OR=1.50; 95% CI 1.11-2.01; p=0.008). Although there is little knowledge of all nephrolithiasis risk factors, measures to increase awareness can contribute to preventive attitudes.
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References
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23. Moussa M, Chakra MA. Patient's perception of kidney stone prevention within the emergency department and its adherence factors: a single institution study. BMC Emerg Med. 2019;19(1):1-7. DOI: 10.1186/s12873-019-0263-0
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25. Ferrari P, Piazza R, Ghidini N, Bisi M, Galizia G, Ferrari G. Lithiasis and risk factors. Urol Int. 2007;79 Suppl 1:8-15. DOI: 10.1159/000104435
26. Trienchieri A. Epidemiological trends in urolithiasis: impact on our health care systems. Urological Research. 2006;34:151- 6. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-005-0029-x
27. Shang W, Li Y, Ren Y, Yang Y, Li H, Dong J. Nephrolithiasis and risk of hypertension: a meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Nephrol. 2017;18(1):344. DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0762-8
28. Takahashi N, Tanabe K, Adachi T, Nakashima R, Sugamori T, Endo A, et al. Awareness of salt restriction is not reflected in the actual salt intake in Japanese hypertensive patients. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2015;37(5):388-292. DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2014.987392
2. Carbone A, Al Salhi Y, Tasca A, Palleschi G, Fuschi A, De Nunzio C, et al. Obesity and kidney stone disease: a systematic review. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2018;70(4):393-400. DOI: 10.23736/S0393-2249.18.03113-2
3. Lin B-B, Lin M-E, Huang R-H, Hong Y-K, Lin B-L, He X-J. Dietary and lifestyle factors for primary prevention of nephrolithiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol. 2021;21(1):1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-020-01925-3
4. Tessaro CZ, Ramos CI, Heilberg IP. Influence of nutritional status, laboratory parameters and dietary patterns upon urinary acid excretion in calcium stone formers. J Bras Nefrol. 2018;40(1):35-43. https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-3814
5. Ryu HY, Lee YK, Park J, Son H, Cho SY. Dietary risk factors for urolithiasis in Korea: A case-control pilot study. Investig Clin Urol. 2018;59(2):106-11. DOI: 10.4111/icu.2018.59.2.106
6. Brikowski TH, Lotan Y, Pearl MS. Climate-related increase in the prevalence of urolithiasis in the United States. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(28):9841-6. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0709652105
7. Abreu Jr A, Ferreira Filho S. Influência do clima sobre o número de internações por nefrolitíase em regiões urbanas no Brasil. J Bras Nefrol. 2020;42(2):175-81. DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2019-0155
8. Chewcharat A, Curhan G. Trends in the prevalence of kidney stones in the United States from 2007 to 2016. Urolithiasis. 2020;49:27-39. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-020-01210-w
9. Silva GR, Maciel LC. Epidemiology of urolithiasis consultations in the Paraiba Valley. Rev Col Bras Cir. 2016;43(6):410-5. DOI: 10.1590/0100-69912016006001
10. Taguchi K, TakahiroYasui, Milliner DS, BerndHoppe, ThomasChi. Genetic Risk Factors for Idiopathic Urolithiasis: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Causal Network Analysis. Eur Urol Focus. 2017;3(1):72-81. DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2017.04.010
11. Siener R. Nutrition and Kidney Stone Disease. Nutrients. 2021;13(6):1-17. DOI: 10.3390/nu13061917
12. Cheungpasitporn W, Rossetti S, Friend K, Erickson SB, Lieske JC. Treatment effect, adherence, and safety of high fluid intake for the prevention of incident and recurrent kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nephrol. 2016;29(2):211-9.
DOI: 10.1007/s40620-015-0210-4
13. Ticinesi A, Nouvenne A, Maalouf NM, Borghi L, Meschi T. Salt and nephrolithiasis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016;31:39-45. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfu243
14. Fink HA, Akornor JW, Garimella PS, MacDonald R, Cutting A, Rutks IR, et al. Diet, fluid, or supplements for secondary prevention of nephrolithiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Eur Urol. 2009;56(1):72-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2009.03.031
15. Jones P, Sulaiman SK, Gamage KN, Tokas T, Jamnadass E, Somani BK. Do Lifestyle Factors Including Smoking, Alcohol, and Exercise Impact Your Risk of Developing Kidney Stone Disease? Outcomes of a Systematic Review. J Endourol. 2021;35(1):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2020.0378
16. Siener R, Hesse A. Fluid intake and epidemiology of urolithiasis. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57:S47-S51. https://doi.org/10.1038/ sj.ejcn.1601901
17. Ahmed AF, Abdelazim H, ElMesery M, El-Feky M, Gomaa A, Tagreda I, et al. Mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe alternative to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for high-density, renal stones: a prospective, randomised trial. BJU Int. 2021. DOI: 10.1111/bju.15493
18. Zenga J, Wangb S, Zhonga L, Huanga Z, Zenga Y, Zhenga D, et al. A Retrospective Study of Kidney Stone Recurrence in Adults. J Clin Med Res. 2019;11(3):208-12. DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3753
19. Almuhanna AM, Alomar M, Alsalman HK, Al-Mutayliq AA, Alnasser KA. Public Awareness towards Renal Stone Causes, Symptoms and Management amongst Saudis. Egypt J Hosp Med 2018;70(4):544-8. DOI: 10.12816/0043804
20. Alghamdi SY, Alamri AM, Alzahrani RA, Alghamdi AH, Abdulaziz AA, et al. Awareness about Symptoms and Role of Diet in Renal Stones among General Population of Albaha City. Egypt J Hosp Med. 2018;70:50-7. DOI: 10.12816/0042983
21. Bos D, Abara E, Parmar MS. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns among healthcare providers in the prevention of recurrent kidney stones in Northern Ontario. Can Urol Assoc J. 2014;8(11-12):E795-E804. DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.1455
22. Binsaleh S, Habous M, Madbouly K. Knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns of recurrent urinary stones prevention in Saudi Arabia. Urolithiasis. 2016;44(2):135-43. DOI:10.1007/s00240-015-0815-z
23. Moussa M, Chakra MA. Patient's perception of kidney stone prevention within the emergency department and its adherence factors: a single institution study. BMC Emerg Med. 2019;19(1):1-7. DOI: 10.1186/s12873-019-0263-0
24. Bartoleti R, Cai T, Mondaini N, Melone F, Travaglini F, Carini M, et al. Epidemiology and Risk Factors in Urolithiasis. Urol Int. 2007;79:3-7. DOI: 10.1159/000104434
25. Ferrari P, Piazza R, Ghidini N, Bisi M, Galizia G, Ferrari G. Lithiasis and risk factors. Urol Int. 2007;79 Suppl 1:8-15. DOI: 10.1159/000104435
26. Trienchieri A. Epidemiological trends in urolithiasis: impact on our health care systems. Urological Research. 2006;34:151- 6. DOI: 10.1007/s00240-005-0029-x
27. Shang W, Li Y, Ren Y, Yang Y, Li H, Dong J. Nephrolithiasis and risk of hypertension: a meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Nephrol. 2017;18(1):344. DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0762-8
28. Takahashi N, Tanabe K, Adachi T, Nakashima R, Sugamori T, Endo A, et al. Awareness of salt restriction is not reflected in the actual salt intake in Japanese hypertensive patients. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2015;37(5):388-292. DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2014.987392
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Published
2022-10-13
How to Cite
Miranda da Silva, G., de Aguiar Ristow, J. V., & do Nascimento Lima, H. (2022). Knowledge and attitudes of patients with nephrolithiasis: a crosssectional study: 10.15343/0104-7809.202246412421. O Mundo Da Saúde, 46, 412–421. Retrieved from https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/1418
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