Sleep quality and anxiety levels among university students
10.15343/0104-7809.202246247254
Keywords:
Sleep. Sleep Deprivation. Sleep Disorders from Excessive Sleepiness. Students. Anxiety.Abstract
The present article seeks to describe the quality of sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness of university students and to verify the levels of trait anxiety (A-Trait) and state anxiety (A-State) presented by them. A sample, composed of undergraduate students from daytime courses, responded to an online form, containing the following questionnaires: Sociodemographic; Epworth Sleepiness Scale; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A descriptive analysis of the data was then performed. The mean age of the 305 participants was 22 ± 2.99 years, 51.37% were female, 98.03% were non-smokers, 52.8% consumed alcohol, and 54.1% practiced physical activity. The majority demonstrated an absence of excessive daytime sleepiness (62.3%), poor sleep quality (72.4%), and moderate levels of A-Trait (56.4%) and A-State (47.2%). The main findings of this study reveal that the volunteers have poor sleep quality with a moderate level of state-trait anxiety. The results also indicate that the profile of the students who answered the questionnaire was composed of young adults who did not have an employment relationship and were single. There was poor sleep quality among university students. In addition, state trait anxiety scores were at moderate levels.
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References
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2. Geneen LJ, Moore RA, Clarke C, Martin D, Colvin LA, Smith BH. Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: An overview of Cochrane Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017;2017. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858. CD011279.pub2.
3. Phan T, Malkani R. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption and stress intersect in Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiology of Stress 2019;10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.10.001.
4. Covassin N, Singh P. Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Epidemiologic and Experimental Evidence. Sleep Medicine Clinics 2016;11:81–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.10.007.
5. Khero M, Fatima M, Shah MAA, Tahir A. Comparison of the Status of Sleep Quality in Basic and Clinical Medical Students. Cureus 2019. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.4326.
6. Alsaggaf MA, Wali SO, Merdad RA, Merdad LA. Sleep quantity, quality, and insomnia symptoms of medical students during clinical years: Relationship with stress and academic performance. Saudi Medical Journal 2016;37:173–82. https://doi. org/10.15537/smj.2016.2.14288.
7. Dalky HF, Gharaibeh A. Depression, anxiety, and stress among college students in Jordan and their need for mental health services. Nursing Forum 2019;54:205–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12316.
8. Biaggio AM, Natalício L. Manual para o inventário de ansiedade traço-estado (IDATE). Rio de Janeiro: CEPA. 1979 Jul;15.
9. Pacheco JPG, Giacomin HT, Tam WW, Ribeiro TB, Arab C, Bezerra IM, et al. Mental health problems among medical students in Brazil: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 2017;39:369–78. https://doi. org/10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2223.
10. Mulyadi M, Tonapa SI, Luneto S, Lin WT, Lee BO. Prevalence of mental health problems and sleep disturbances in nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nurse Education in Practice 2021;57. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103228.
11. Corrêa C de C, de Oliveira FK, Pizzamiglio DS, Ortolan EVP, Weber SAT. Qualidade de sono em estudantes de medicina: Comparação das diferentes fases do curso. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 2017;43:285–9. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806- 37562016000000178.
12.Machado AV, Castro CO, Botelho Filho CR, Bruzamolin CD, Scariot R, Pizzatto E, Gabardo MC. Anxiety and sleep quality in dental students at a private Brazilian University. The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College. 2020;61(1):27-36.
13. Morais HC, Gomes BG, de Holanda AK, Nogueira KE, Fonseca R, Pinto AC, Mendes IC. Fatores associados a qualidade do sono ruim em universitários de enfermagem de uma universidade privada cearense. O Mundo da Saúde. 2022 Apr 8;46:003- 11.
14. Bertolazi AN, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS, Pedro VD, Menna Barreto SS, Johns MW. Validação da escala de sonolência de Epworth em português para uso no Brasil. Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia. 2009;35:877-83.
15. Pasquali L, Pinelli Júnior B, Solha AC. Contribuiçäo à validaçäo e normalizaçäo da escala de ansiedade-traço do IDATE. Psicol Teor Pesqui 1994;10:411–20.
16. Borine MS. Ansiedade, neuroticismo e suporte familiar: evidência de validade do Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (Idate) (Doctoral dissertation, Tese de doutorado). Universidade de São Francisco). 2016.
17. Bertolazi AN, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS, Dartora EG, da Silva Miozzo IC, de Barba MEF, et al. Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Sleep Medicine 2011;12:70–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. sleep.2010.04.020.
18. Orzech KM, Salafsky DB, Hamilton LA. The state of sleep among college students at a large public University. Journal of American College Health 2011;59:612–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.520051.
19. Dinis J, Bragança M. Quality of sleep and depression in college students: A systematic review. Sleep Science 2018;11:290– 301. https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-0063.20180045.
20. Adams SK, Murdock KK, Daly-Cano M, Rose M. Sleep in the socialworld of college students: Bridging interpersonal stress and fear of missing out with mental health. Behavioral Sciences 2020;10. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs10020054.
21. Araújo MF, Lima AC, Araújo TM, Veras VS, Zanetti ML, Damasceno MM. Relações entre fatores sociodemográficos e qualidade do sono em universitários brasileiros. Texto & Contexto-Enfermagem. 2014 Mar;23(1):176-84.
22. Almojali AI, Almalki SA, Alothman AS, Masuadi EM, Alaqeel MK. The prevalence and association of stress with sleep quality among medical students. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2017;7:169–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jegh.2017.04.005.
23. Gonçalves B, França VF. Qualidade do sono de universitários: associação com o estado nutricional e hábitos alimentares. Acta Elit Salutis. 2021;5(1).
24. de Jesus GM, Virgínio TD, Baco KE, Canova FB. Avaliação da qualidade do sono em acadêmicos universitários de medicina e fisioterapia. Diálogos Interdisciplinares. 2021 Oct 18;10(1):303-13.
25. Al-Kandari S, Alsalem A, Al-Mutairi S, Al-Lumai D, Dawoud A, Moussa M. Association between sleep hygiene awareness and practice with sleep quality among Kuwait University students. Sleep Health 2017;3:342–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. sleh.2017.06.004.
26. Silva CM, Mota MC, Miranda MT, Paim SL, Waterhouse J, Crispim CA. Chronotype, social jetlag and sleep debt are associated with dietary intake among Brazilian undergraduate students. Chronobiology International 2016;33:740–8. https:// doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2016.1167712.
27. Dietrich SK, Francis-Jimenez CM, Knibbs MD, Umali IL, Truglio-Londrigan M. Effectiveness of sleep education programs to improve sleep hygiene and/or sleep quality in college students: a systematic review. JBI Database System Rev Implement Rep 2016;14:108–34. https://doi.org/10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003088.
28.de Medeiros Lopes XD, Araújo MF, Lira ND, de Sousa Dantas D, de Souza JC. Social, Biological and Behavioral Factors Associated with Social Jet Lag and Sleep Duration in University Students from a Low Urbanized City. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2022;15:11.
29. Zawadzki MJ, Graham JE, Gerin W. Rumination and anxiety mediate the effect of loneliness on depressed mood and sleep quality in college students. Health Psychology 2013;32:212–22. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0029007.
30. Kontoangelos K, Tsiori S, Koundi K, Pappa X, Sakkas P, Papageorgiou CC. Greek college students and psychopathology: New insights. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2015;12:4709–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph120504709.
31. Ferreira CL, Almondes KM, Braga LP, Mata ÁN, Lemos CA, Maia EM. Universidade, contexto ansiogênico? Avaliação de traço e estado de ansiedade em estudantes do ciclo básico. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva. 2009;14:973-81.
32. World Health Organization (WHO). Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. World Health Organization; 2017.
33. Leão AM, Gomes IP, Ferreira MJM, Cavalcanti LP de G. Prevalência e Fatores Associados à Depressão e Ansiedade entre Estudantes Universitários da Área da Saúde de um Grande Centro Urbano do Nordeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica 2018;42:55–65. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-52712015v42n4rb20180092.
34. Owczarek JE, Lion KM, Radwan-Oczko M. Manifestation of stress and anxiety in the stomatognathic system of undergraduate dentistry students. Journal of International Medical Research 2020;48. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519889487.
35. Bedaso A, Duko B, Yeneabat T. Predictors of mental distress among undergraduate health science students of Hawassa University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa, SNNPR, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study. Annals of General Psychiatry 2020;19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-020-0258-y.
36. Norbury R, Evans S. Time to think: Subjective sleep quality, trait anxiety and university start time. Psychiatry Research 2019;271:214–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.054.
37. Hamilton N, Freche R, Zhang Y, Zeller G, Carroll I. Test Anxiety and Poor Sleep: A Vicious Cycle. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 2021;28:250–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-021-09973-1.
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Published
2022-08-10
How to Cite
Nogueira Silva, D., Oliveira Lima, A., Alves dos Santos, L., Matos Barreto, D., & Rocha Pithon, K. (2022). Sleep quality and anxiety levels among university students: 10.15343/0104-7809.202246247254. O Mundo Da Saúde, 46, 247–254. Retrieved from https://revistamundodasaude.emnuvens.com.br/mundodasaude/article/view/1385
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